According to ancient sources, more than 2500 years ago Pythagoras discovered the mathematics in music as he passed by a blacksmith's shop. Pythagoras was intrigued by the fact that the blacksmith's Master made different sounds according to the tools he used when forging iron, and by making the blacksmith use various tools, he listened and studied the sounds that came out. Influenced by the harmony between the hammer sounds made by blacksmiths, he investigated the relationship of the emergence of "sound"within a mathematical ratio with the harmony measure. He later generalized his experiments to glass, bells and wires.
Music In Physics
Modern physics began in the early 1900s with theories of quantum mechanics and relativity. In fact, it can also be said that the concept of quantum mechanics arose through a process very similar to that of Pythagoras. Niels Bohr and the hydrogen atom of hydrogen accepted as the characteristic frequencies of a physical system (i.e. a hydrogen lamp produces light colors) found in some simple relationships between the frequencies examined (such as rates 32/42).
Who knows, perhaps when the French physicist Louis de Broglie proposed the wave nature of electrons and other matter particles, musical harmonies hovered in his mind! De Broglie, by defining electrons as standing waves at various frequencies, Niels Bohr's atomic model showed how different energy levels naturally emerged, and thus, the Wave Theory of light particles genellestirdi. Just as a guitar string can be pulled in certain ways to produce certain sounds, de Broglie suggested that electrons are forced to oscillate in certain patterns that correspond to certain frequencies and energy levels.
The 3+1-dimensional space-time in which we live is based on harmonies. Harmony in music is also the harmony of sound that occurs when different notes are used simultaneously. This exquisite harmony, felt by musicians and physicists, also includes traces of mathematical patterns beneath the musical scales and intervals that sound most pleasant, as well as waves of probability at the heart of quantum theory.
Photons carry energy-charged "packets" of light, while another "packet" carries sound: phonons. Since music is the mechanical vibration of air particles, and quantum mechanics also studies vibrations and interactions in the microworld, a methodology can be created to study the relationship between these two worlds.
Quantum mechanics is a microworld theory without music that explains the logic of atoms, particles and electrons by following different rules. Music, on the other hand, is a natural part of the world that we define by classical Newtonian mechanics. To understand the relationship between music and physics, we first we must make a distinction between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics, it is clear that: in fact, both the objects they are trying to explain to the world of theory (quantum mechanics "micro", classical physics to a "macro" world) "correct"stop. But when these two theories are used simultaneously to explain the world, some problems arise. While the strange behavior of the smallest particles cannot be explained by Newtonian mechanics approaches, quantum mechanics also does not show compatibility with everyday life experiences for most people. The best example that can be given here is Schrödinger's cat, a fascinating quantum phenomenon. What happens to our famous cat is that it's alive and dead at the same time. This is a situation that is made possible by the principle of superposition (overlap of matter waves), which can affect two basic and very different results.
Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger further advanced de Broglie's idea of the famous wave equation and developed three-dimensional vibrations known as spherical harmonics. Spherical harmonics differ slightly from standing wave models in that they offer a broader definition, such as spheres, which offer a richer definition of electron behavior.
However, German physicist Max Born suggested that it was not the electrons themselves that exhibited the wave character, as de Broglie and Schrödinger believed, but the probability distributions that showed their most likely position. Although neither Schrödinger nor Einstein enjoyed born's statistical interpretation much, this new view had taken its place as the "standard view".
Here are the" crazy", but these theories that actually regulate our understanding of the universe have been working everywhere since the Big Bang. So it must also take its place in art. But how and where? If physicists listen to the "music of the universe", how do musicians respond to this situation?
Physics In Music
Let us observe for a moment the difference between the "classical world" and the "quantum world": we know that classical mechanics defines nature on a macroscopic scale. Quantum mechanics, on the other hand, defines nature on the smallest scale. It must be a little difficult to interpret these theories and history of physics in musicology. However, in order to allow inspiration from quantum mechanics to influence the composing process in music, the necessity arose to study these two different fields within quantum music theory.
Let's open a door to music theory and history as an artistic reflection on this need. If we talk about two parts in the history of Music, Classical and non-classical, we can also distinguish between pre-classical (ritual) music and modern (post-classical) music.
"Classical music" has emerged in the Western world as a term that relates history and art music to each other. Classical music peaked in the period from 1750 to 1820 with compositions by composers such as Mozart and Haydn. During this period, music-controlled curtains, major and minor structures binary (2-tonic), parallel keys, mostly symmetrical periods (4, 8, 16 bars), symmetric (double) size (4/4 and 2/4), symmetric structures (AA, ABA, AABA, abaca) and clearly distinguished roles depends on the melody and harmony with the press. These are all parameters, pop, rock, etc., which are seen as contemporary period expressions of classical music. it is also still fully used in recent musical genres.
Quantum revolution, in some parts of musical modernism (Vienna and the Darmstadt school, etc.), which managed to attract more intense attention than other parts of it. Tonality, harmony and classical structures, as well as sound and rhythm, were revisited. The music of John Cage (cage 1961) and the choreography of Merce Cunningham changed the way he composed classical music, and randomness and silence, visible from a new perspective such as quantum mechanics, were discovered. György Ligeti's Poème Symphony (1962), John Cage's 4'33" (1952) and Steve Reich's pendulum music (1968) are famous modern classics that actually include quantum mechanics as a phenomenon of probabilities.
Quantum theory has enabled new ideas, new possibilities, and new methods for obtaining sounds and forms that are not in the traditional (classical) approach to understanding music theory. The sound of matter and antimatter, scales based on quantum leap frequencies, the music of silence, music that we do not hear because of our perception of time, etc. very interesting topics will add a whole new dimension to music theory and practice, ranging from the “classical” understanding of music to the "quantum understanding" of music.
Emerging Art: Quantum Music
20. one of the features of century art is the increasing level of abstraction in the early years, from Cubism and surrealism to abstract expressionism and the complexity of mathematical dimensions. All right, 21. what other abstractions can we expect to emerge in the century?
Thanks to the work of Karl Svozil, a theoretical physicist at the Vienna University of Technology, and his friend Volkmar Putz, we get an answer to this. These scientists have found a way to represent music using the peculiar properties of quantum theory. The resulting art is the equivalent of the quantum theory of music and shows many of the strange features of the quantum world. Svozil and Putz began by discussing how it might be possible to represent a note or note octave in quantum mechanical form, and developing some mathematical tools for processing quantum music, and they thought of the seven notes in a quantum octave as independent events whose probabilities are equal to one. In this scenario, quantum music can be represented by a mathematical structure known as the seven-dimensional Hilbert space. A pure quantum music state would consist of a linear combination of seven notes with a certain probability associated with each, and a quantum melody would be the evolution of such a state over time.
If there was a listener listening to such a tune, he would probably have a rather strange experience. In the classical world, each of the listeners hears the same sequence of notes in a music. But when a quantum music state is observed, the music can be stacked on any of the notes that make it up. In this case, the resulting note is entirely random, but the probability that it occurs will depend on the exact linear structure of the situation. Since this process is random for all observers, the resulting note will not be the same for each listener.
"A classical listener can perceive one and the same quantum musical composition very differently."
Svozil and Putz call it "Quantum parallel musical interpretation." As examples in their work, they described the properties of a quantum system created using two notes, such as C (do) and G (sol). They showed how a listener could perceive note C in 64% of these quantum states and note G in 36%. They conveyed how a quantum melody of two notes led to four possible results with the following example structure: these four possibilities were created with C followed by G, G followed by C, C followed by C, and G and then G first, and calculated the probability that a listener would experience them during a given musical performance.
"Thus a quantum composition can manifest itself in many different ways during performance."
This phrase constitutes the world's first description of a quantum melody.
The researchers also discussed quantum entanglement, an interesting phenomenon in the context of music. Quantum entanglement, in short, is the connection between quantum objects that can share the same quantum state, even if they are in different parts of the universe. Therefore, the measurement performed on one immediately affects the other, regardless of the distance between them. In the quantum world of music, it is not yet clear exactly how this can take shape. But the conclusion is obvious that a listener listening to a quantum melody in one part of the universe will reveal the possibility of influencing a quantum melody in another part of the universe.
Svozil and Putz are also very successful in developing a notation for quantum music.
This established notation will take musical composition to a new level of abstraction. But there is a problem: no one yet knows how to create quantum music or how a person can experience it. Svozil and Putz's work has been done at a purely theoretical level for now. This should be as simple as simulating the effect using an ordinary computer and a headset without preventing the authors or anyone else from composing a quantum musical. So instead of quantum music, maybe we can experience quantum music simulation.
This work is a very interesting work that has implications for other art forms as well. So how about a quantum sculpture that changes for each observer?
In a nutshell, quantum art, or at least its simulation, is now on our doorstep with the meeting of Science and art. So don't be surprised if one day soon you hear a quantum tune that has turned the music charts upside down.
Result
Until 2008, most non-scientists knew little about the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) other than distorted claims that it could create a miniature black hole that would engulf the earth. CERN physicist Kate McAlpine, who wrote "Large Hadron Rap,"A Musical summary of all the LHC discoveries, says:
"Particle physics is pretty esoteric to most people, so I wanted to write words that could give a basic understanding of what this big, expensive machine is for and why it's so exciting. Many teachers and parents requested rap videos for use in classes or were contacted to say how much their children liked "Large Hadron Rap." I think it's the biggest thing Large Hadron rap has ever done among teenagers; his science comes across as something far more effective than tearing animals apart, mixing substances in beakers and rolling balls on inclined planes."
You can also listen to metal music inspired by experiments on the Higgs boson at CERN: