The famous philosopher Aristotle believed that humans consist only of 5 special senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch). But people have more than 5 special senses; close to 20 senses, such as pain, heat, vibration, balance, proprioception. We're talking about here, "predict the future", "fortune telling", "astrology", "the sixth sense" like sahtebilimsel claims are not well researched and known physical and biologically identifiable natural reasons are heard.
What Is Proprioceptive Sensation?
Proprioceptive sense allows us to perceive the position, position, sense of movement, force, effort, balance of our limbs in the absence of vision and out-of-attention perception. Along with Motor skills, it plays a very important role in everyday life, contributing to the ability to successfully interact with the environment.
Proprioception is often referred to as the" hidden " sixth sense. The reason this sense, also called" body awareness", is called" Hidden " is because we use it at any moment without realizing that we have this sense, and the receptors of this sense do not have a central organ such as the eye, ear. These receptors (proprioceptors) are located all over our bodies, especially in the skin, muscles, joints, and process sensory information when our bodies move. Due to proprioceptive feedback caused by stretching in the muscles and changes in the position of the joints while on the move, the brain knows the location and position of the arms, legs and body in space at any time. Proprioceptors in joints are called Golgi tendon organs, proprioceptors in novices are called muscle spindles. Muscle spindles are long proteins encapsulated in sheaths lying parallel to novelties novelties. Its mechanism is:
- When a muscle is extended, novelties of novelties are lengthened and the coils of novelties are stretched. (A novelized muscle causes novelization of muscle fibers and novelization shafts.)
- Nerve fibers in the muscle transmit information about the degree and rate at which the coils of novelization of the muscle spindle are stretched.
- Information is transmitted to the nervous system and a signal is sent that the muscle contracts or relaxes.
- The desired action is performed.
The proprioception sensory system is in the subconscious, unless it requires directed attention. This system evaluates stimuli from the environment without having to think about movements and allows you to adjust movements with feedback. Sometimes reactions occur so quickly that they are called "reflexive". This feedback loop works constantly; for example, even when a person is asleep, the brain provides some sensory input - which is why we don't fall out of bed when we're asleep.
Proprioception can be divided into "conscious" and "unconscious". Both are mediated by novelistic and joint feedback.
Conscious proprioceptive sense plays a role in determining the weight of an object or the location and direction of a person's limbs in space. Conscious proprioception is carried through the dorsal columns in the medulla (fasciculus gracilis [from the pelvic limbs] and fasciculus cuneatus [from the thoracic limbs]), its fibers passing into the medullary nuclei and thalamus respectively. Ultimately, the fibers are reflected in Brodmann's 3A domain of the parietal lobe on the opposite side.
Unconscious proprioception, feeling of limb and joint position, determines the duration and direction of its movement. It plays a role in acquiring and maintaining complex skilled movements such as walking, speaking and writing. Unconscious proprioception is transmitted to the cerebellum through spinocerebellar pathways. Sensory information from the receptors is used by the cerebellum to regulate muscle tone, posture, movement and balance Nov.
While most body movements in daily activities are automatic, conscious attention is required to learn complex skills in sports and exercise, such as using the foot to control a ball or co-ordinating various arm movements while skating. Learning movement skills means developing new movement patterns by properly processing proprioceptive information. New neural programs are developed, refined by repetition and transferred to key areas of the brain, then movements are executed without attention and transferred much faster.
What We Can Do With Proprioception
This silent sense has a great place and importance in our lives. Thanks to this sense, we can summarize what we can do as follows:
- We can safely maneuver around us without hitting objects in areas we don't see without consciously thinking about what we're doing when we walk.
- When you walk to a door, you also know when to raise your arms to open the door, or how much force your arms need. This is also used for our gross motor skills in your arms.
- For example, if we're going to take a sip of our drink, we don't have to know the position of our mouth and look at the glass when we go to our mouth, or we can do it with our eyes closed. Our proprioceptors allow our hand to move smoothly and slowly without hitting us in the face or pouring water until it reaches our mouth, sending information about where our hand is, and the position of our mouth, to the brain for us.
- Another example of this is walking. There is no need to look at the foot and ground to lift your foot up, move it forward and then place it down again. These movements occur when your proprioceptors send continuous sensory information to your brain about the position of your hips, knees, ankles and feet. This allows them to move to the right place.
- It is important to maintain balance with the vestibular system. If you stand on one foot and close your eyes, you will feel a tenderness in the ankle. These are the signals of proprioceptors that tell the brain what's going on standing up.
A decreased sense of proprioception can lead to consequences such as clumsiness, poor coordination, incorrect posture, using too much or too little force, and decreased body awareness.
Phantom Limb
While the importance of conscious proprioception in motion control remains unclear, the responsibility it assumes in perception is well known. People who have amputated one arm continue to perceive the arm that no longer exists as if it still exists (the"phantom limb"), detailed positional information, and even a sense of control over the position of the lost arm. Sometimes they can also suffer from localized severe pain for months, even years after amputation.
Mirror box therapy to cut off this severe pain is an effective treatment. In this treatment, the patient sees a mirror image of his intact arm, perceives its spatial location and interprets it as his amputated arm. Pain sensations previously created in relation to the amputated arm no longer occur, as all sensations created in relation to the phantom limb refer to the central representation of the intact arm.
Man Without Body
What is it like to live without a sense of Touch, Movement and position? The only way to understand the importance of these senses is to ask someone who has lost their proprioceptive sense.
Of the few cases without proprioception in the medical literature, the most famous is the case of the Englishman Ian Waterman. Waterman's 19-year-old proprioception and damage to his touch-sensing nerves from infection caused him to feel no less than his neck and live without proprioception, but he was still able to move his body. He could not feel his own weight against gravity as if he were in the void of space, he could not know the position of his limbs in the absence of vision. So Waterman had to do it with conscious effort, carefully considering every move he would make.
His brain, which had no proprioceptive feedback and could not feel movements, made him feel disembodied and scared. Neurologist Jonathan Cole followed the case for nearly 30 years, whereupon he wrote the book Losing Touch: A Man Without his Body.